þÿ<html xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"> <head> <meta name=Title content="SAENZ, B"> <meta name=Keywords content=""> <meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=unicode"> <meta name=ProgId content=Word.Document> <meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 11"> <meta name=Originator content="Microsoft Word 11"> <link rel=File-List href="34_1_43-49_files/filelist.xml"> <title>SAENZ, B</title> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:DocumentProperties> <o:Author>Gaston</o:Author> <o:Template>Normal</o:Template> <o:LastAuthor>Benjamin Saenz</o:LastAuthor> <o:Revision>2</o:Revision> <o:Created>2007-04-16T16:23:00Z</o:Created> <o:LastSaved>2007-04-16T16:23:00Z</o:LastSaved> <o:Pages>1</o:Pages> <o:Words>266</o:Words> <o:Characters>1519</o:Characters> <o:Company>Environment Canada</o:Company> <o:Lines>12</o:Lines> <o:Paragraphs>3</o:Paragraphs> <o:CharactersWithSpaces>1865</o:CharactersWithSpaces> <o:Version>11.768</o:Version> </o:DocumentProperties> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:PixelsPerInch>96</o:PixelsPerInch> <o:TargetScreenSize>800x600</o:TargetScreenSize> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:Compatibility> <w:UseFELayout/> </w:Compatibility> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--> <style> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:"Times New Roman"; panose-1:0 2 2 6 3 5 4 5 2 3; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:auto; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:50331648 0 0 0 1 0;} @font-face {font-family:"MS Mincho"; panose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0; mso-font-alt:"ÿ-ÿ3 fg"; mso-font-charset:128; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-format:other; mso-font-pitch:fixed; mso-font-signature:1 134676480 16 0 131072 0;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:Times;} h1 {mso-style-next:Normal; margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; page-break-after:avoid; mso-outline-level:1; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning:0pt;} table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-parent:""; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} @page Section1 {size:8.5in 11.0in; margin:1.0in 1.25in 1.0in 1.25in; mso-header-margin:35.4pt; mso-footer-margin:35.4pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> </style> </head> <body bgcolor=white lang=EN-US style='tab-interval:.5in'> <div class=Section1> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";text-transform: uppercase'>Saenz, B.L.</span><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'>,<span style='text-transform:uppercase'><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>Thayer, J.A.</span>,<span style='text-transform:uppercase'> Sydeman,</span> <span style='text-transform:uppercase'>W.J. </span>&amp; <span style='text-transform:uppercase'>Hatch, D.A.</span> 2006. An urban success story: breeding seabirds on Alcatraz Island, California, 1990-2002.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span><i>Marine Ornithology</i></span><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'> 34: 43-49.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'><![if !supportEmptyParas]>&nbsp;<![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'>Located in the San Francisco Bay estuary, Alcatraz Island has in recent years become an important breeding site for seabirds, including Brandt s Cormorant <i>Phalacrocorax penicillatus</i></span><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'>, Pelagic Cormorant <i>P. pelagicus</i></span><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'>, Pigeon Guillemot <i>Cepphus columba</i></span><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'>, and Western Gull <i>Larus occidentalis</i></span><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'>. We synthesized available data on breeding populations from 1990-2002 for those four species, and calculated annual productivity in 1997-2002 for Brandt s Cormorants, and 1999-2002 for Pelagic Cormorants and Western Gulls. Population trends and productivity were compared to those on larger, offshore Southeast Farallon Island (SEFI). Brandt s Cormorants established a colony that grew to more than 460 breeding pairs during the study period. Small populations of Pelagic Cormorants and Pigeon Guillemots on Alcatraz remained relatively stable during 1995-2002. Breeding Western Gulls increased at a 6.0% annual rate from 1990-2002. Productivity of Brandt s Cormorants and Western Gulls on Alcatraz was higher than on SEFI in the years monitored. We propose that high availability of forage fishes in the San Francisco Bay estuary, combined with seasonal protection of nesting habitat, contributed to the recent growth and success of Alcatraz seabird populations. Because seabirds on Alcatraz breed in close proximity to myriad human activities, they present a unique opportunity to investigate the ecology of urban seabird populations.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'><![if !supportEmptyParas]>&nbsp;<![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'>Key words: Brandt s Cormorant <i>Phalacrocorax penicillatus</i></span><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'>, Pelagic Cormorant <i>Phalacrocorax pelagicus</i></span><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'>, Pigeon Guillemot <i>Cepphus columba</i></span><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'>, Western Gull <i>Larus occidentalis</i></span><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'>, population trends, seabird productivity, central California, disturbance<o:p></o:p></span></p> </div> </body> </html>