þÿ<html xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"> <head> <meta name=Title content="FLEET, D"> <meta name=Keywords content=""> <meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=unicode"> <meta name=ProgId content=Word.Document> <meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 11"> <meta name=Originator content="Microsoft Word 11"> <link rel=File-List href="34_2_129-132_files/filelist.xml"> <title>FLEET, D</title> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:DocumentProperties> <o:Author>Gaston</o:Author> <o:Template>Normal</o:Template> <o:LastAuthor>Benjamin Saenz</o:LastAuthor> <o:Revision>2</o:Revision> <o:TotalTime>1</o:TotalTime> <o:Created>2007-07-19T19:48:00Z</o:Created> <o:LastSaved>2007-07-19T19:48:00Z</o:LastSaved> <o:Pages>1</o:Pages> <o:Words>314</o:Words> <o:Characters>1791</o:Characters> <o:Company>Environment Canada</o:Company> <o:Lines>14</o:Lines> <o:Paragraphs>3</o:Paragraphs> <o:CharactersWithSpaces>2199</o:CharactersWithSpaces> <o:Version>11.773</o:Version> </o:DocumentProperties> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:PixelsPerInch>96</o:PixelsPerInch> <o:TargetScreenSize>800x600</o:TargetScreenSize> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:Compatibility> <w:UseFELayout/> </w:Compatibility> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--> <style> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:"Times New Roman"; panose-1:0 2 2 6 3 5 4 5 2 3; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:auto; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:50331648 0 0 0 1 0;} @font-face {font-family:"MS Mincho"; panose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0; mso-font-alt:"ÿ-ÿ3 fg"; mso-font-charset:128; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-format:other; mso-font-pitch:fixed; mso-font-signature:1 134676480 16 0 131072 0;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:DE; mso-fareast-language:DE;} table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-parent:""; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} @page Section1 {size:8.5in 11.0in; margin:1.0in 1.25in 1.0in 1.25in; mso-header-margin:35.4pt; mso-footer-margin:35.4pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> </style> </head> <body bgcolor=white lang=EN-US style='tab-interval:.5in'> <div class=Section1> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none'><span lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>FLEET, D. M. 2006. A review of beached bird surveys within the Wadden Sea Trilateral Monitoring and Assessment Program (TMAP).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span><i>Marine Ornithology</i></span><span lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'> 34: 129-132.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none'><span lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><![if !supportEmptyParas]>&nbsp;<![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none'><span lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>The Trilateral Monitoring and Assessment Programme (TMAP), established in 1994, is carried out in the framework of the Trilateral Cooperation on the Protection of the Wadden Sea, which includes Denmark, Germany, and The Netherlands. Its objective is an integrated monitoring and assessment of the Wadden Sea ecosystem. Beached bird surveys have been carried out on southern North Sea coasts since the 1970s (the Netherlands) or the mid 1980s (Germany and Denmark). The surveys use trilateral standardized procedures and are evaluated as part of the TMAP. The results are published at regular intervals in Wadden Sea Quality Status Reports by the Common Wadden Sea Secretariat (CWSS). The results of the surveys within the Wadden Sea and adjoining regions indicate steady declines in pollution levels since the mid 1980s. For example, oiling rates (the proportion of beached birds that are oiled) of the Common Guillemot <i>Uria aalge</i></span><span lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'> declined on German North Sea coasts from 82% (n = 620) during the three winters 1984/85-1986/87 to 62% (n = 967) in the period 1992/93-1994/95 and to 35.5% (n = 1024) in 2001/02-2003/04. The oiling rates of pelagic and offshore species are, however, still high on southern North Sea coasts. In the period 2001/02-2003/04 the oiling rates of the Red-throated Loon <i>Gavia stellata,</i></span><span lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'> Common (Black) Scoter <i>Melanitta nigra,</i></span><span lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'> and the Black-legged Kittwake <i>Rissa tridactyla</i></span><span lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'> on the German North Sea coast were 80% (n = 54), 50% (n = 357), and 22% (n = 137) respectively. An Ecological Quality Objective (EcoQO), phrased as &quot;proportion of oiled Common Guillemots among those found dead or dying on beaches,&quot; has been developed within the OSPAR Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North East Atlantic and is presently being implemented. Current oiling rates for this species in the southern North Sea are much higher than the 10% level targeted by the EcoQO.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none'><span lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><![if !supportEmptyParas]>&nbsp;<![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none'><span lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>Key words:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>beached bird surveys, Wadden Sea, Germany, Denmark, the Netherlands, oil pollution, seabirds<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><![if !supportEmptyParas]>&nbsp;<![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></p> </div> </body> </html>