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<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none;mso-outline-level:1'><span
lang=EN-CA>MOODY, A.T. &amp; HOBSON, K.A. 2007. Alcid winter diet in the
northwest Atlantic determined by stable isotope analysis.<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span><i>Marine Ornithology</i></span><span
lang=EN-CA> 35: 39-46.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

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<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none;mso-outline-level:1'><span
lang=EN-CA>Stable isotope (δ<sup>13</sup>C, δ<sup>15</sup>N) analysis was used
to investigate winter foraging ecology of three species of alcids off
Newfoundland, Canada, 1996 – 2004. Muscle samples from salvaged Thick-billed
Murres <i>Uria lomvia</i></span><span lang=EN-CA> (n = 89), Common Murres <i>U.
aalge</i></span><span lang=EN-CA> (n = 45) and Razorbills <i>Alca torda</i></span><span
lang=EN-CA> (n = 7), were measured isotopically to determine trophic-level (TL)
differences among species and temporal patterns in TL and source (inshore vs.
offshore) of feeding over the winter. As indicated by δ<sup>15</sup>N values,
Thick-billed Murres fed at a higher trophic level than Common Murres. Razorbill
δ<sup>15</sup>N values were highly variable and overlapped those of both murre
species. We found no significant differences in δ<sup>13</sup>C values among
the three species, confirming a common spatial feeding pattern. Both murre
species became depleted in <sup>13</sup>C during winter, suggesting the birds’
foraging location or the provenance of prey species shifted from nearshore to
offshore. In Common Murres, hatching-year (HY) individuals fed at a higher
trophic level and foraged farther offshore than after-hatching year (AHY)
birds. In Thick-billed Murres, we contrasted TL determined previously for the
breeding colony at Prince Leopold Island, Nunavut, Canada, with those
determined for winter over four years and found considerable inter-annual
variation in patterns of seasonal difference in TL. However, the proportion of
lower TL (amphipod) vs. higher TL (fish) prey was generally greater in winter
than in summer.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

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<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none'><span lang=EN-CA>Key words:
Alcidae, winter diet, stable isotope, carbon-13, nitrogen-15, <i>Uria lomvia</i></span><span
lang=EN-CA>, <i>Uria aalge, Alca torda</i></span><span lang=EN-CA>.<span
style='font-variant:small-caps'><b><o:p></o:p></b></span></span></p>

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