þÿ<html xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"> <head> <meta name=Title content="Assessing the Type and Frequency of Band Resighting Errors for Razorbill (Alca torda) with Implications for Other Wildlife Studies"> <meta name=Keywords content=""> <meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=unicode"> <meta name=ProgId content=Word.Document> <meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 11"> <meta name=Originator content="Microsoft Word 11"> <link rel=File-List href="36_1_19-23_files/filelist.xml"> <title>Assessing the Type and Frequency of Band Resighting Errors for Razorbill (Alca torda) with Implications for Other Wildlife Studies</title> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:DocumentProperties> <o:Author>Lavers, Jennifer (CMAR, Hobart)</o:Author> <o:Template>Normal</o:Template> <o:LastAuthor>Benjamin Saenz</o:LastAuthor> <o:Revision>2</o:Revision> <o:TotalTime>1</o:TotalTime> <o:Created>2008-09-11T21:48:00Z</o:Created> <o:LastSaved>2008-09-11T21:48:00Z</o:LastSaved> <o:Pages>1</o:Pages> <o:Words>234</o:Words> <o:Characters>1338</o:Characters> <o:Company>CSIRO</o:Company> <o:Lines>11</o:Lines> <o:Paragraphs>2</o:Paragraphs> <o:CharactersWithSpaces>1643</o:CharactersWithSpaces> <o:Version>11.1280</o:Version> </o:DocumentProperties> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> <o:PixelsPerInch>96</o:PixelsPerInch> <o:TargetScreenSize>800x600</o:TargetScreenSize> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:PunctuationKerning/> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--> <style> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:"Times New Roman"; 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JONES, I.L. 2008. </span><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU; mso-fareast-language:EN-AU'>Assessing the type and frequency of band resighting errors for Razorbill <i>Alca torda</i></span><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU'> with implications for other wildlife studies. <i>Marine Ornithology </i></span><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU'>36: 19-23<i>.<o:p></o:p></i></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><![if !supportEmptyParas]>&nbsp;<![endif]><o:p></o:p></p> <p class=MsoNormal>Visual markers are frequently used in wildlife studies to identify individual animals and track their behavior (including movement) and survival.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>These markers are useful since identification can be made without recapturing individuals, thus minimizing disturbance.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>However, studies have shown that errors associated with reading and recording markers adversely influence the estimation of population parameters.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>Using the example of triangular field-readable leg bands on Razorbill <i>Alca torda</i><span style='font-style:normal'>, we developed a simple experimental protocol for quantifying band resighting error rates and identifying trends in digit misidentifications.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>The resighting error rate varied from 0.035 to 0.134 depending on observer distance and conditions under which the bands were read.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span><span style='color:black'>Misidentification of the digits 3 and 5 accounted for more than 48% of all errors made</span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>In our study, 94% of all misread bands corresponded to a valid entry in the banding data base (i.e., misread numbers coincidentally referred to other banded birds), probably because more than 12 000 Razorbills have been banded from one long sequence of band numbers between 1980 and 2007.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>We conclude that band reading error is a neglected phenomenon that has likely had profound effects on the accuracy of survival studies, and we provide suggestions for minimizing the frequency of such errors.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]>&nbsp;<![endif]><o:p></o:p></p> <p class=MsoNormal>Key words: band resighting error; capture-mark-recapture; Razorbill</p> </div> </body> </html>