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Volume 49, No. 2

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Sabine's Gulls Xema sabini outside of their main wintering areas are not necessarily vagrants


Authors

JONATAS H.F. PRADO1*, GABRIEL CANANI2,3, PEDRO V. CASTILHO4 & NICHOLAS W. DAUDT5,6
1Área de Proteção Ambiental da Baleia Franca, Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Imbituba, SC, Brazil *(jonatashenriquef@gmail.com)
2Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
3Projeto Albatroz, Santos, SP, Brazil
4Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca e Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Laguna, SC, Brazil
5Museu de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Imbé, RS, Brazil
6Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, Aotearoa New Zealand

Citation

PRADO, J.H.F., CANANI, G., CASTILHO, P.V. & DAUDT, N.W. 2021. Sabine's Gulls Xema sabini outside of their main wintering areas are not necessarily vagrants. Marine Ornithology 49: 349 - 357

Received 16 June 2021, accepted 16 August 2021

Date Published: 2021/10/15
Date Online: 2021/10/14
Key words: distribution, migratory behavior, vagrancy, pseudo-vagrancy, seabirds

Abstract

We reviewed published and unpublished ‘vagrant' (herein referred to as ‘unusual') records of Sabine's Gull Xema sabini worldwide and discuss these records according to age, marine productivity/fishing grounds, and migration corridors. Of the 151 unusual records, 135 (89%) were in or near areas with high productivity and/or known fishing grounds; 10 out of 14 documented records were young birds in their first or second migration, and the ‘unusual' areas identified in this study could have been reached through known migration pathways used by other bird species. The fact that the majority of records are associated with productive/fishing zones (and are also in areas with low or no at-sea effort for bird surveys), and that juveniles and young adults typically migrate further, suggests that some individuals may search for productive areas for wintering outside of the main, or well-known, destinations. Our findings suggest that at least some individuals of Sabine's Gull, rather than being ‘disoriented', might be in genuine areas of migration corresponding to their life stage, therefore expanding the known distribution range of this species.

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