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Volume 53, No. 1

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Use of an honest signal by Red-footed Boobies Sula sula in response to kleptoparasitism by Great Frigatebirds Fregata minor.


Authors

Lin Chao
Section of Ecology, Behavior, and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA (lchao@ucsd.edu)

Citation

Chao, L. (2025). Use of an honest signal by Red-footed Boobies Sula sula in response to kleptoparasitism by Great Frigatebirds Fregata minor. Marine Ornithology, 53(1), 205-207.
http://doi.org/10.5038/2074-1235.53.1.1628

Received 08 October 2024, accepted 06 December 2024

Date Published: 2025/04/15
Date Online: 2025/04/02
Key words: food limitation, Galápagos, honest signals, kleptoparasitism, vocal displays

Abstract

On Genovesa Island (00.3°N, 089.9°W) in the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador, Great Frigatebirds Fregata minor kleptoparasitize (i.e., steal food from) Red-footed Boobies Sula sula. In five of eight cases that I observed, the frigatebirds harassed the boobies until the latter regurgitated their forage, which the frigatebirds consumed. In three cases, the booby responded with a honk-like call and the frigatebirds stopped harassing. I propose that the honk is an “honest signal” by a booby having little food to divulge. Boobies loaded with forage do not honk because the call could trigger regurgitation. Thus, frigatebirds harass with escalation only non-honking boobies. The interaction is important in what appears to be a food-limited booby population.

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